When the familiar antigens are detected, B-lymphocytes produce antibodies to attack them. The body keeps a few T-lymphocytes, called “memory cells,” that go into action quickly if the body encounters the same virus again.
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#Corona vaccine how to#
After the infection, the person’s immune system remembers what it learned about how to protect the body against that disease. The first time a person is infected with the virus that causes COVID-19, it can take several days or weeks for their body to make and use all the germ-fighting tools needed to get over the infection. They attack cells in the body that have already been infected. T-lymphocytes are another type of defensive white blood cell.They produce antibodies that attack the pieces of the virus left behind by the macrophages. B-lymphocytes are defensive white blood cells.The body identifies antigens as dangerous and stimulates antibodies to attack them. The macrophages leave behind parts of the invading germs, called “antigens”. Macrophages are white blood cells that swallow up and digest germs and dead or dying cells.
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Different types of white blood cells fight infection in different ways: Blood contains red cells, which carry oxygen to tissues and organs, and white or immune cells, which fight infection. Our immune system uses several tools to fight infection. This invasion, called an infection, is what causes illness. When germs, such as the virus that causes COVID-19, invade our bodies, they attack and multiply.
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To understand how COVID-19 vaccines work, it helps to first look at how our bodies fight illness. The Immune System-the Body’s Defense Against Infection